Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATRA pretreatment improves the protective effect of MSCs on renal function and pathologic damage in I/R-induced AKI. a GFR assessment using transcutaneous clearance of FITC-sinistrin ( n = 5). b, c SCr and BUN levels ( n = 6). d Semi-quantitative analysis of histological features ( n = 6). e Representative images of PAS staining on renal tissue sections in different groups of mice. Scale bars, 200 μm and 50 μm in scanned and zoom in figures, respectively. f Representative immunofluorescence staining of KIM-1. Scale bars, 200 μm and 50 μm in scanned and zoom in figures, respectively. g, h Representative western blot images and quantitative analysis of KIM-1 expression in kidney tissues ( n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. **** P < 0.0001, *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Staining, Immunofluorescence, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATRA regulates the expression of HA by regulating the binding of the transcription factors RARα/RXRγ to HAS2 gene. a Viability of MSCs after ATRA pretreatment ( n = 6). b Volcano plot of showing the differentially expressed genes in ATRA-MSCs versus DMSO-MSCs ( n = 3). Red dots indicate significant up-regulation, green dots indicate significant down-regulation, and gray dots indicate insignificant differences. c Scatter plot of GO enrichment analysis ( n = 3). The number of enriched differential genes can be observed by the dot size, and the significance of the enrichment is indicated by the dot color intensity. d The mRNA expression of HAS1, HAS2 and HAS3 ( n = 3). e Transfection efficiency of different siRNA ( n = 5). f The concentration of HA in the MSCs culture supernatant ( n = 4). g RARα/RXRγ binding motif logo generated by the WebLogo tool. h Schematic representation of possible binding sites for the transcription factor RARα/RXRγ in the HAS2 promoter region. i ChIP-qPCR analysis of HAS2 target promotor regions ( n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. **** P < 0.0001, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay, Transfection, Concentration Assay, Generated, ChIP-qPCR

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATRA enhances the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and pro-proliferation effects of MSCs on H/R-induced HK-2 cells in vitro. a-g Representative western blot images and quantitative analysis of TNF-a, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 in HK-2 cells ( n = 3). h, I Representative western blot images and quantitative analysis of PCNA in HK-2 cells ( n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Western Blot

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: ATRA enhances the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and pro-proliferation effects of MSCs on I/R-induced AKI in vivo. a TNF-a mRNA expression level ( n = 3). b IL-6 mRNA expression level ( n = 3). c IL-1β mRNA expression level ( n = 3). d-j Representative western blot images and quantitative analysis of TNF-a, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and PCNA in kidney tissues ( n = 3). k Apoptotic cells were labeled with the TUNEL assay kit (red) with nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue) in kidney sections. Scale bar, 50 μm. l Quantitative analysis of the percentage of apoptotic cells ( n = 3). m Representative images of PCNA in kidney tissues. Scale bar, 40 μm. n Quantitative analysis of PCNA-positive cells ( n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. **** P < 0.0001, *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Expressing, Western Blot, Labeling, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of the HA/CD44 axis reverses the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative effects of ATRA-MSCs. a, c-i Western blot images and quantitative densitometry analysis of TNF-a, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in HK-2 cells ( n = 3). b, j-l Western blot images and quantitative densitometry analysis of p-AKT and total AKT in HK-2 cells ( n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SD. **** P < 0.0001, *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Western Blot

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury

doi: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of ATRA promoted HA production by MSCs and activated the PI3K/AKT pathway by binding to CD44 in renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby improving renal repair after AKI

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were acquired from the Beijing Zhongyuan Company (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Article Title: Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals LRRC75A -Expressing Cell Population Involved in VEGF Secretion of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Under Ischemia

doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szad029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of ischemia on VEGF secretion in 11 bone marrow (BM)-multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from different donors. ( A ) Schematic illustration of the protocol for culturing BM-MSCs under normoxic and ischemic conditions. ( B ) Variation in VEGF secretion among the 11 BM-MSC lines (L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L10, L11, L13, L14, and SB1) under normoxic and ischemic conditions. BM-MSCs were cultured under normoxic or ischemic conditions for 16 h. Level of VEGF secreted into the culture supernatant was determined using ELISA. The amount of VEGF secretion is given as the mean ± SEM ( n = 5 for each group). * P < .05; ** P < .01 (Student t -test).

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were obtained from PromoCell (Heidelberg, Germany) (C-12971), ScienCell Research Laboratories (7530), and ATCC (PCS-500-010).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Article Title: Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals LRRC75A -Expressing Cell Population Involved in VEGF Secretion of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Under Ischemia

doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szad029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Single-cell transcriptome profiling of 11 bone marrow (BM)-multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) lines from different donors. ( A ) Schematic illustration of single-cell transcriptome experiments. BM-MSCs under normoxic conditions were individually captured for barcoding using Chromium controller (10X Genomics), and barcoded cDNA libraries were sequenced using Illumina sequencer. Then, individual cells were grouped based on their transcriptome similarity through unsupervised clustering (UMAP). ( B ) Number of captured cells that passed quality control and the median number of detected genes per cell for each MSC line under normoxic conditions. ( C ) Visualization based on 2-dimensional UMAP plotted as UMAP1 ( x -axis) vs. UMAP2 ( y -axis) for each cell type of the 11 BM-MSC lines under normoxic conditions. Eight clusters (CL0-7) marked with different colors were obtained using Seurat’s graph-based clustering algorithm. ( D ) UMAP visualization for each of the 11 BM-MSC lines.

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were obtained from PromoCell (Heidelberg, Germany) (C-12971), ScienCell Research Laboratories (7530), and ATCC (PCS-500-010).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Stem Cells Translational Medicine

Article Title: Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals LRRC75A -Expressing Cell Population Involved in VEGF Secretion of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Under Ischemia

doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szad029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Silencing of LRRC75A expression affects VEGF secretion induced by ischemic treatment. ( A ) Expression of LRRC75A is represented using UMAP visualization (cell positions are from the UMAP plot in ). LRRC75A was more highly expressed in CL3 than in other clusters. ( B and C ) Bone marrow (BM)-multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) were transfected with either control siRNA (siNegative) or LRRC75A siRNA (siLRRC75A#1) under normoxic and ischemic conditions. mRNA level for LRRC75A (B) and VEGF secretion level in the supernatant (C) were determined using qPCR and ELISA, respectively. ( D ) Fold change of VEGF secretion level under ischemic conditions relative to that under the normoxic conditions are represented based on the result shown in (C). All values indicate the mean ± SEM of 3 independent biological replicates. (* P < .05, ** P < .01, Student’s t -test).

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were obtained from PromoCell (Heidelberg, Germany) (C-12971), ScienCell Research Laboratories (7530), and ATCC (PCS-500-010).

Techniques: Expressing, Transfection, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Development of a Novel Hanging Drop Platform for Engineering Controllable 3D Microenvironments

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00327

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative fluorescence images of 3D kidney microtissues comprised of podocyte (green) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs; red) fabricated using a PANDA chip. The microtissues were formed within 24 h. (B) The diameters of the formed 3D microtissues after 1 day of culture (* P < 0.05; **** P < 0.001; N = 20). (C) The diameters of the formed 3D microtissues cultured on different days (**** P < 0.001. N = 20). (D) Representative fluorescence images of 3D kidney microtissues cultivated for various periods. (E) Confocal images of live (green) and dead (red) cells. All scale bars represent 200 μm.

Article Snippet: Human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs that were transfected with red fluorescence protein (RFP) were obtained from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan ( ).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Cell Culture

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Unveiling exosomes: Cutting‐edge isolation techniques and their therapeutic potential

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clinical applications of exosomes. Exosomes can be extracted from bodily fluids, lymph, bile, blood, urine and etc. Analysing the molecular contents of exosomes can provide unique opportunities in their identifications. Exosomes can be used as biomarkers in disease diagnosis and surveillance. Clinical treatment mostly involves these strategies: First, cargo, including drugs, nucleic acids and proteins, can be encapsulated in exosomes and targeted to the mentioned sites. Also, immunotherapy can be used in cancer and other disease therapies.

Article Snippet: Furthermore, the therapeutic use of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord MSCs has been approved to mitigate neuroinflammation and enhance therapeutic efficacy in AD‐affected mice by repairing cognitive dysfunctions and reducing amyloid beta protein (Aβ) deposition., Based on the promising results observed in these clinical trials, several biotechnology companies, including Celltex Therapeutics, are actively advancing the development of MSC‐derived exosomes (MSC‐Exo)‐based treatments specifically targeted at addressing Alzheimer's disease.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery